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Ok ,so the tanks were named after American Civil War Generals by the British. Just trying to figure out why?? I can't see the names of same would be comman conversation points for your average Tommy .British tanks had names starting with C (OK V -Valentine),but 95% C. ( SPGs were named for clergy...Deacon ,Priest ,Bishop. Tank Destrroyers started with A- Achilles . ) Why name them after US (sorry Robert) generals ? 70 years on from the start of WW2 ,there's not too many guys left to ask. .... Jim
Specifically, British cruiser tanks had names starting with C (the exception was the war's premier infantry tank, the Churchill, named for obvious sentimental reasons). Postwar, the cruiser tank became the medium tank, and eventually, the main battle tank, but the c-name tradition lives on today.
The Brits chose famous US generals from the Civil War era as a convenience (and an easy way for someone unfamiliar with tanks to recognize a US Lend Lease product). The "Lee" was supposed to be the M3 Medium with the original turret and the "Grant" was supposed to be the variant with the turret customized for the British with a bulge to accommodate the radio. In practice, they were all eventually called Grants, as most parts were interchangeable.
"Jackson" seems to be a postwar invention--I've never seen a wartime reference to the term, and indeed, it only seems to turn up on scale model boxes. "Achilles" also seems to be a mostly postwar usage. As mentioned, "Hellcat" was invented by the Buick company's promotional department, not the US or British Army. "Wolverine" is definitely postwar, and may have been coined by the Canadian military, if indeed it was used at all.
The American use of names for tank types was not official until the M26 Pershing came along, but some names just seemed to fit, and worked their way into slang. Thus, "Sherman Tank" became a popular term among US troops (at least the infantry), and gave rise to the 1940's-50's slang phrase "built like a Sherman Tank," meaning large and sturdy (and not necessarily a compliment if referring to a woman).
Of course, American servicemen are notoriously independent, and often steadfastly refuse to use official, Pentagon-approved names if they are deemed to be public relations BS. Thus, the Boeing B-52 Stratofortress became the "BUFF" (Big Ugly Fat F---er), the A7D Corsair II became the "SLUF" (Short Little Ugly F---er), the F-105 Thunderchief became the "Thud," and the M551 Sheridan became the "Shank" (supposedly from "Sheridan Tank," though its unreliability might imply that it could stab you in the back when you were counting on it). The short-lived M60A2 tank (which carried the same gun/missile launcher as the Sheridan), never had an official name, but it was dubbed "The Starship," due to its extreme technical complexity (it was also very unloved). Most armor crews have preferred to just use the alphanumeric designation, or would simply refer to their vehicle as "the tank" (if it was ) or "the track" (if it wasn't), though "Bradley" is a widely used name for the M2/M3 family.